It seems like everyone has made a public pledge about contributing to a &ldquo;net-zero&rdquo; emissions future. To underscore the level of seriousness ACE takes toward this effort, during its final meeting of 2021, the ACE Board of Directors adopted the following resolution: &ldquo;The [Board] supports the adoption of policies at the state and/or federal level which recognize ethanol is part of the climate and health solution while crediting farmers and ethanol producers for activities, which will help ethanol reduce lifecycle GHG emissions by at least 70% on average compared to gasoline by 2030, and reach net-zero lifecycle GHG emissions by 2050.&rdquo; In the midst of these proclamations about achieving net-zero emissions by mid-century, EPA is currently revisiting its assumptions about the GHG emissions of biofuels. During this process, ACE has explained to EPA that today&rsquo;s corn ethanol meets the definition of an &ldquo;advanced biofuel&rdquo; under the Renewable Fuel Standard, notwithstanding the politically-driven discrimination clause in the statute excluding &ldquo;corn starch&rdquo; ethanol from qualifying as an advanced biofuel. According to the latest U.S. Department of Energy Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions and Energy use in Technologies (GREET) model, average corn ethanol reduces GHG emissions by 50 percent compared to gasoline. In other words, we do not need to wait for so-called next generation crops or biofuels&mdash;or EVs and an entirely new supply chain to support them&mdash;to immediately begin tackling climate change. Moreover, we are highlighting how climate-smart farming practices, efficiencies at ethanol plants, and the capture and sequestration of biogenic CO2 from facilities puts ethanol on a trajectory to reach both net-zero and net-negative emissions, a trajectory that is unique to ethanol. We have also made it clear new policies will need to be implemented to increase the use of low-carbon E15 and higher blends. Any new policy, whether it be a clean fuel standard adopted by a Midwest state such as Minnesota, or a new federal program, must adhere to the latest GREET model for making determinations about ethanol&rsquo;s lifecycle GHG emissions, because EPA&rsquo;s outdated analysis overstates reality. The GREET model is the global gold standard. Unlike EPA&rsquo;s 2010 assessment, the assumptions and estimates used by Argonne scientists in GREET are under constant review, and updates to the model occur annually. Not only do more than 40,000 users around the world depend upon GREET to help determine the lifecycle GHG impacts of fuel technologies, but the model is the basis for the assessments used under the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard and Oregon Clean Fuels Program. Legislation pending in Minnesota to create a clean fuel standard would statutorily require the use of the latest GREET model. The GREET model is likely to be updated soon to account for the increased adoption of reduced tillage corn production, enhanced efficiency fertilizer use, and soil carbon sequestration from corn. When the GREET model reflects these updates, corn ethanol will approach net-zero GHG territory. That&rsquo;s why ACE is pushing market regulators such as EPA and the California Air Resources Board to apply soil carbon models and GREET to assign carbon credits for climate-smart farming practices that help reduce the GHG emissions of corn ethanol. CARB leans on the &ldquo;need&rdquo; for localized assessments as an excuse for not providing farm-level carbon credits for biofuels, despite the fact CARB willingly uses models to assign carbon penalties (such as land use change) to ethanol. To breakthrough this stonewalling and convince market regulators to provide carbon credits for certain farming practices, ACE is leading a pilot project to pay farmers surrounding Dakota Ethanol to implement climate-smart practices that sequester carbon and other GHGs. We will collect field-level data to calibrate existing soil carbon models and validate the GHG benefits of these climate-smart farming practices. The ultimate goal is to increase confidence in existing models and enable farmers and ethanol producers to prove farm-level benefits while securing pathways to low carbon or clean fuel markets that will increase demand and value for their net-zero&mdash;or even net-negative&mdash;GHG ethanol.
 Author: Brian Jennings CEO American Coalition for Ethanol 605.334.3381 bjennings@ethanol.org

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Climate-smart farming practices, efficiencies at ethanol plants, and the capture and sequestration of biogenic CO2 from facilities puts ethanol on a trajectory to reach both net-zero and net-negative emissions, a trajectory that is unique to ethanol.

Monetizing Net-Zero and Net-Negative GHG Ethanol

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